Mankhwala otsukira mano amapangidwa ndi mikangano yozungulira, othamanga, zomatira, zonunkhira, zotsekemera ndi zinthu zina zapadera.

1. Mikangano yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popikisana m'mano ndi awa:

①Calcium carbonate: Pali mitundu iwiri ya calcium carbonate: yolemera komanso yopepuka. Cholemera cha calcium carbonate chimapangidwa ndi kuphwanya, kupera ndi kuyeretsa miyala yamwala ndi calcite mumwala. Light calcium carbonate imasungunuka mchere wa calcium mu hydrochloric acid kenako imayambitsa carbon dioxide kuti ipeze mpweya wa calcium carbonate. Light calcium carbonate ili ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala otsukira mano.

②Calcium hydrogen phosphate (calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate CaHPO4·2H2O ndi calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous salt CaHPO4): Calcium hydrogen phosphate imagawika m'madzi awiri amadzi, dihydrate ndi anhydrous. Mchere wa dihydrate ndi zosakaniza zina zimakhala ndi zinthu zabwino zosakanikirana, koma chifukwa cha kuuma kwakukulu ndi mikangano yamphamvu ya mchere wopanda madzi, 5% mpaka 10% yamchere wopanda madzi imatha kusakanizidwa ndi mankhwala otsukira utsi otsukira utsi.

③Calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7): Calcium pyrophosphate imapezeka ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa calcium hydrogen phosphate. Chifukwa sichimagwirizana ndi mankhwala okhala ndi fluorine, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu choyambira cha mankhwala opangira mano.

④Hydrated silicic acid (SiO2・nH2O): hydrated silicic acid ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono toyera tomwe timatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala otsukira mano. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwakukulu, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera komanso chopangira mankhwala otsukira mano.

⑤Aluminium hydroxide [A1 (OH) 3]: Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta aluminium hydroxide ndi ochepa Inde, koma sichidzawononga enamel, ndipo imatha kukulitsa kuwala kwa mankhwala otsukira mano ndipo ili ndi mphamvu yabwino yoyeretsa mano.

2. Wetting wothandizila wonyowa amatha kuletsa mankhwala otsukira mkamwa kuti alimbitse ndi kuumitsa mu chubu, ndikupangitsa phala kukhala losalala ndi zina. Pali ma humectants ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mano otsukira mano monga glycerin, propylene glycol, ndi sorbitol.

3. Zosagwirizana Pofuna kutsuka litsilo m'kamwa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsa ntchito sodium-lauryl sulfonate. Imatha kuchita thovu mwachangu, ndipo imachita thovu komanso kutsuka litsiro mkamwa. Wogwiritsira ntchito wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsukira mano amafunika kukhala oyera kwambiri popanda fungo lililonse, ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndi 2%.

4. Binder Pofuna kupangira zosakaniza mu mankhwala otsukira mano mofanana, omangidwa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt) ndi zotumphukira zake, carrageenan, sodium alginate ndi zinthu zina.

5. Zonunkhira zomwe amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala otsukira mkamwa makamaka ndi timbewu tonunkhira, chomwe ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mankhwala otsukira mkamwa azimva kukoma. Mint imagawidwa mu menthol (menthol), mafuta a peppermint, peppermint ndi zinthu zina, komanso zonunkhira zomwe zimachokera kwa iwo. Kuphatikiza apo, zonunkhira zipatso, monga zonunkhira za zipatso, zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, koma ndizochepa ngati zonunkhira zamano.

6. Sweetener Pofuna kukonza kukoma kwa mankhwala otsukira mano, pang'ono pokha la saccharin limaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala otsukira mkamwa. Popeza glycerin yogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinyezi imakhalanso ndi kukoma kokoma, kuchuluka kwa saccharin nthawi zambiri kumakhala 0.01% mpaka 0

7. Zosakaniza zina zapadera Pofuna kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda amkamwa, mankhwala otsukira mano amaphatikizidwanso ndi zosakaniza zina zapadera: ①Kuchotsa mpweya woipa, fungicides monga dioxophenylbiguanidyl hexane ndi benzyl mowa nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa ku mankhwala otsukira mano, tsamba lamkuwa lamkuwa la Acid limathandizanso popewa kununkha. ② Mankhwala a fluorine amatha kuwonjezeredwa kuti apewe kupindika kwa mano, komwe kumatha kuletsa kuthira kwa zotsalira mkamwa ndikulimbitsa enamel pamwamba pa mano. Kuchokera pamalingaliro achitetezo, fluorine omwe ali mumtsuko wa mano amafotokozedwera pansipa ma micrograms 1000. Mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito madzi achilengedwe okhala ndi fluorine, kuchuluka kwa mano osowa mano kumakhala kotsika, koma madzi akumwa okhala ndi ma fluoride ambiri amapanga mitambo (mano owonekera) pamwamba pa dzino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzino likhale lophulika. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ena otetezera nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa m'mano otsukira mano kuti asawonongeke.